先日レッスン時に生徒さんから「ビジネス」「ジョブ」「ワーク」の
違いを聞かれました。なんて良い質問なのでしょう。
答えるのが難しいです。
それぞれの単語が異なった意味を持ち、往々にしてそれぞれが入れ替わっても
文章が同じ意味で成り立つ場合もあるからです。
前置詞についての説明をするときにもよく言いますが
例文がたくさんあるとよりコンセプトが理解しやすくなると思いますので
上げていきましょう。
The other night one of my students asked me to explain the difference between the words business,
work and job.
This was a very good question, and not a question that is easily answered,
as all three words have multiple meanings and can often be interchangeable.
In situations where you have a difficult English concept,
I think it is useful to hear many example sentences,
so that you eventually develop a natural feel for the concept
(I often say this about the words in, at and on as well).
With that in mind I thought we could have a look at these three words,
and I will try to give you a lot of example sentences.
Business / ビジネス
＊「仕事量とそれにまつわる給与」に関して使用するとき
例：Business has been very good this year.
今年は仕事が極めて順調だった。
＊会社や店舗のロケーションを意味する場合
例：His business is on Third Street.
彼の店は「サードストリート」にあるよ。
＊空港のイミグレーションでパスポートを見せるとき、渡航の目的を聞かれますね。
その時は
例：I`m here on business.
仕事で来ました。
と言います。
重要― 仕事で出張するときに用いるのはbusiness のみ。work, job は使いません。
例：I have a business trip next week.
来週仕事で出張します。
他にもこんな意味もあります。
＊しなければならない用事などを説明するとき
例：I have some business to take care of before the meeting.
ミーティングの前に片付けなきゃいけない用事があるよ。
＊話し合いの必要性を持つ「事象」について用いることも。
例：There is one item of business we need to discuss before the party.
パーティーの前に話し合うべきことが一つあります。
＊Get down to business
という慣用句を聞いたことがありますか？とてもよく使われる表現で
「仕事に集中して取り組む」ということを意味します。
例：The project needs to be finished in three days,
so let`s get down to business.
このプロジェクトは三日以内に終わらせなくてはならない、さあ、心して取り掛かろう！
＊None of my business.
「自分には関わりのないことだ」という表現です。
例：I think Mike and Susan are fighting, but that`s none of my business.
マイクとスーザンが喧嘩してるようだけど、僕には関係ないことです。
最後に面白い表現を紹介します。
＊Monkey business
この「モンキービジネス」という表現は、こどもがやんちゃだったり
大人の手を煩わせるような行動のことをいいます。
例：Alright, enough of this monkey business, you need to go to school!
さあ、もう大騒ぎは終わりにして、学校へ行く時間だよ！
Business
A very common use of business is to talk about the amount of work and money for a period of time:
“Business has been very good this year.”
Business is also used to talk about the location of someone`s store or company:
“His business is on Third Street.”
When you show your passport at immigration, you are usually asked why you are travelling:
“I`m here on business.”
If you travel for your job we only use the word business:
“I have a business trip next week.”
Business is used to talk about things you need to do:
“I have some business to take care of before the meeting.
We also use business to refer to something that needs to be talked about:
“There is one item of business we need to discuss before the party.”
Get down to business is a common idiom used when you need to focus on work:
“The project needs to be finished in three days, so let`s get down to business.”
None of my business is a phrase that is used when people decide not to get involved with the lives of other people:
“I think Mike and Susan are fighting, but that`s none of my business.”
A fun slang term in English is monkey business,
which is usually used with children when they are being naughty or not cooperating:
“Alright, enough of this monkey business, you need to go to school!”
Work / ワーク
＊日本語でいう「仕事」と同じ意味での用法です。
例：Work has been busy lately.
最近仕事が忙しくてね。
＊機械や家電の稼働状況を表す時
例：The CD player works fine.
そのCDプレーヤーはちゃんと動きます。
＊状況の説明
例：The new plan isn`t working so well.
新しいプランはあまりうまくいってないね。
＊ Work on
特別な注意を向けている場合、努力をしている場合に使います。
例：This month I`ve really been working on my English.
今月は本当に頑張って英語に取り組んでいます。
＊Work out
「エクササイズをする」の意味で用いられます。
例：I worked out at the gym this morning.
今朝はジムで運動してきました。
「ワークアウト」は他にも、
何かの解決策を見出そうとしているとき、状況を肯定的な方向へ改善しようと
試みているときにも使います。
例：I still haven`t worked out how to create a Skype account.
僕はいまだにスカイプアカウントの作成の仕方がわからないです。
Work
Work is commonly used to refer to our job:
“Work has been busy lately.”
We also use work to talk about the amount of things we have to do:
“Today I have lots of work to do.”
Work can also be used to talk about machines or appliances and their working condition:
“The CD player works fine.”
We also use work to talk about how situations are going:
“The new plan isn`t working so well.
Work on is an idiom that we use when we are paying special attention to something:
“This month I`ve really been working on my English.”
Work out is another common idiom. It can be used to talk about exercise:
“I worked out at the gym this morning.
Work out can also mean that you are figuring out how to do something:
“I still haven`t worked out how to create a Skype account.”
Job / ジョブ
＊パートタイム、フルタイム雇用状態を表現する際の意味
例：I have a job at Saizeriya.
サイザリヤで働いています。
＊仕事のクオリティを表すとき
例：They did a good job with my haircut.
あそこの美容室では僕の髪をうまく切ってくれました。
＊義務と責任について
例：It`s my job to take out the trash.
ゴミ捨ては僕の役割です。
＊プロジェクトや労働に関して発生する料金に関してもちいられる場合
例：My car`s paint job cost 30,000yen.
車のペイントに30000円かかりました。
＊on the job
任務遂行にぬかりなし、といったときに用いられる表現です。
例：The firefighters were really on the job. They put out the fire quickly.
あの消防士の活躍はすごかった。消火の速さときたらなかった。
＊do a job
何かが大きなダメージを負ったというような状況のときに使うスラングです。
例：That typhoon really did a job on my garden. All of my tomato plants are dead.
あの台風で庭のトマトは全部やられてしまったよ。
以上、例文をあげてきましたが、この三つの単語を理解するのに役立ってくれると嬉しいです。
さて最後に恒例の僕のジョークでしめたいと思います。訳してみましょう。
Learning English sure is hard work, but if you cut out the monkey business
Then I`m sure you will notice that your English is improving.
それではまた次回、See you!
Job
The most common use of job is to talk about full/part-time employment:
“I have a job at Saizeriya.”
We also use job to describe the quality of work someone does:
“They did a good job with my haircut.”
Job is used if you have a duty or responsibility:
“It`s my job to take out the trash.”
Job is also used to talk about a project or work that someone gets paid for:
“My car`s paint job cost 30,000 yen.”
The idiom on the job is used when someone is alert:
“The firefighters were really on the job. They put out the fire quickly.”
We use the slang do a job on to talk about a situation where something has a lot of damage:
“That typhoon really did a job on my garden. All of my tomato plants are dead.”
I hope that these sentences could help you get a clearer picture about when to use business, work and job.
Learning English sure is hard work,
but if you cut out the monkey business then I`m sure you will notice that your English is improving.